Tuesday, June 30, 2009

For this blog today I have decided to write some about an interesting man who goes by the name of Ernest Jones. Jones was a Welsh, neurologist, psychoanalyst and Freud's official biographer. Jones was the first English-language practitioner of psychoanalysis and the President of the British Psycho-Analytical Society and the International Psychoanalytic Association in the 1920's and 30's. Through Jones connection with the surgeon Wilfred Trotter Jones recalled first coming across Freud's work since Jones and Trotter both worked together as surgeons at University College Hospital. Jones was upset at what he came to see of institutionalised treatment of the "insane" and so he started experimenting with hypnotic techniques in his clinical work. Upon attending a congress of neurologists in Amsterdam in 1907 Jones met Carl Jung and obtained a good look at an account of the work of Freud and his circle in Vienna. Jones went along with Jung by joining with him in Zurich to plan the inaugural Psychoanalytic Congress, which was was the place were Jones met Freud for the first time. Jones then Travelled to Vienna for more discussions with Freud and for the meeting of the members of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, which helped to create a positive personal and professional relationship between Freud and Jones. Jones took up teaching duties in 1908, at the Department of Psychiatry of Toronto University. Jones also maintained a private psychoanalytic practice and worked as a pathologist for the Toronto Asylum and as Director of its psychiatric outpatient clinic. After further meetings with Freud in 1909 at Clark University, Massachusetts Jones went out and tried to establish strong working relationships with the American psychoanalytic movement by giving some 20 papers or speeches to American professional groups in places like Boston and Chicago. In 1910, Jones co-founded the American Psychopathological Association and the following year the American Psychoanalytic Association where he became the first secretary up until the time of 1913. Jones also found the time in his career eventually for a rigorous programme of writing and research, which helped create the first of what were to be many important gifts to psychoanalytic literature. A number of these writings were published in German in the big time periodicals published in Vienna and they helped to lock in Jones status in Freud's close circle. "As Jones became closer to Freud he initiated with him the creation of a Secret Committee of loyalists to safeguard the theoretical and institutional legacy of the psychoanalytic movement". In 1913, Jones went to London and set up a practice as a psychoanalyst and established the London Psychoanalytic Society as he also lectured and wrote about psychoanalytic theory. Some papers of Jones appeared as papers on Psychoanalysis and the first comprehensive account of psychoanalytic theory and practice published in English. By 1919, Jones established the British Psychoanalytical Society and held the post as President until 1944. Jones also created funding for and supervised the creation in London of a Clinic that offered subsidised fees and he also helped establish an Institute of Psychoanalysis for those in the field. Jones served two periods as President of the Psychoanalytic Association from 1920 to 1924 and 1942 to 1949. In 1920, Jones also founded the International Journal of Psychoanalysis and worked as the editor until 1939. The following year Jones established the International Psychoanalytic Library, which in return helped published some 50 books under Jones editorship. Jones was a great influence on the British Medical Association decision of officially recognizing psychoanalysis in 1929. In return from this move by the Association the BBC decided to remove Jones from a list of speakers declared to be dangerous to public morality and in the 1930's Jones made a series of appearances on the radio speaking about psychoanalysis. While Hitler took control of Germany Jones aided many displaced and at risk Jewish analysts to resettle in England and other countries. After Anschuluss of March 1939, Jones flew to Vienna bravely to help negotiate and organise the emigration of Freud and his circle to London. After the war Jones slowly ceased the continuing of his posts, while continuing his psychoanalytic practice, writings and lecturing. Jones most major accomplishment of his final years of work was the publishing to widespread notoriety of three volumes about Freud's life and work. Jones was proud of his Welsh origins in his life and was a member of the Welsh Nationalist Party Plaid Cymru. Interestingly to me the successful Jones was also made a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 1942 and Honorary President of the International Psychoanalytic Association in 1949 and an Honorary Doctor of Science at Swansea University in 1954. What I found most interesting about Jones from conducting this blog entry was how influential and prominent he was through all his establishments and how significant his relationship to Freud was in the field of psychology.

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